“Alexander the Great was born on July 20, 356 BC in the capital of ancient Napoleon, Pala. Alexander’s full name was Alexander III and Alexander Macedonian”.
If you want to know a quick answer of these questions, like who is Sikandar? About Sikandar, Biography of Sikandar, history of Sikandar, so please read our quick and short description about Sikandar in below:
Short Biography of Sikandar!
| Country | Greece, Europe |
| Full Name of Sikandar | Alexander III and Alexander Macedonian |
| Nick Name of Sikandar | Sikandar |
| Born of Sikandar | 20 July 356 BC |
| Death of Sikandar | June 13, 323 Century |
| Born Place of Sikandar | Pella |
| Death Place of Sikandar | Babylonian |
| Father of Sikandar | Philipp II |
| Mother of Sikandar | Olympia |
| Brothers of Sikandar | No |
| Sisters of Sikandar | 1 |
| Married | Yes |
| Wife of Sikandar | Rukhsana |
| Son of Sikandar | Alexander IV |
| Daughter of Sikandar | No |
Biography in Detailed of Sikandar:
Introduction:
There have been many kings in history but there is only one king whose name is written by the world ahead. He is Alexander the Great who knows the whole world after Sikandar. In history they are considered the most efficient and successful general. In history, stories of Alexander’s courage and valor are common.
Many great people came in this world but Alexander was the only one. Sikandar’s name is not only alive on the pages of history but in many Indian cinema, many movies have been made on the greatness of Alexander and many types of songs have been written, and there is also a saying on Sikandar’s name.
‘The one who wins is the emperor’
In this article, we will discussed about Alexander the Great.
Birth and early life of Sikandar:
Alexander the Great was born on July 20, 356 BC in the capital of ancient Napoleon, Pala. Alexander’s full name was Alexander III and Alexander Macedonian. Alexander was the son of Philipp II. Which was King of Macedonia and Olympia. His mother’s name was Olympia. It is said that she was a witch who loves living among snakes.
On the other hand, if we talked about Sikandar’s siblings, he had a sister who was very cautious in his family. Let us tell you that both Alexander and his sister were raised in the Royal Court of Pella. On the other hand, Alexander’s mother, Olympia, had also done a great deal in formulating a strategy to win with Alexander.
Early education of Alexander:
Alexander was too intelligent since childhood but he was known for his fierce temperament. Actually, early education Sikander had taken his relative from the Stern Leonidas of Epirus.
Alexander’s father Phillip wanted Alexander to have full knowledge of learning as well as learning about warfare. Therefore, he had appointed an experienced and skilled relative to Alexander, from which Alexander took mathematics, horse riding, archery. After this, Limex gave Sikander education to war.
Master Aristotle dreamed of winning the world – “Alexander the Great Teacher”
At the same time, when Alexander was 13 years old, he was appointed a personal teacher, Aristotle, who is also known as Aristotle of India. He was a famous and great philosopher.
Aristotle’s ideas are found in philosophy, mathematics, science and psychology. With this, Aristotle’s ability and significance can be estimated.
Aristotle taught Sikandar literature for nearly 3 years and taught eloquence as well. At the same time, Aristotle did the work of refining a genius like Alexander.At the same time many historians believe that his master Aristotle had only dreamed of winning the whole world in Alexander’s mind. Because through the guidance of Aristotu, Sikandar went on becoming qualified and the self-confidence of winning the world also increased.
Although Alexander was a very great and capable ruler, after the death of his father, Alexander collected his army to get the throne and killed his step-brothers and cousins. And then he was captured on the throne of Macedonia.
It has also been mentioned in history that Olympia had meddled in killing her step sons in order to put her son on the throne of power. At the same time, he had killed his step daughter and forced his own son-in-law Claypetera to commit suicide.
Sikandar as the emperor:
As the emperor, Alexander had started conquering the surrounding kingdoms of Macedonia. He first recorded his victory in the way of Greece. And then he pushed towards Asia Minor.
The vast Persian empire that stretched from Egypt, Iran to northwestern India. At the same time, if the emperor of Alexander’s empire was compared to the Persian Empire, the Persian Empire was about 40 times greater than the empire of Alexander, whose ruler was Shah Dara. But Alexander also defeated him with his military power in different wars. Empire was acquired. But Shah Dara made a treaty with Sikander and married his daughter Rukhsana.
Alexander’s invasion of India:
Crossing the river Indus in 326 BC, Emperor Sikandar reached Takshashila and King Ambhe of it accepted Sikandar’s submission.
Most of the kings of the northwestern region surrendered the sight of the Kings of Taxila.
After this, the emperor who dreamed of conquering the whole world immediately reached Takshashila, the king reached the empire of Poros, where King Poros did not surrender before Alexander. After that there was a collision between Sikandar and King Poras.
Tell you that King Porus was considered to be a powerful ruler. On the other hand, from Jhelum in Punjab to the Chenab river was the reign of Poros or Purusa.
War between King Porus and Alexander:
King Porus bravely fought with Alexander, but in spite of a conflict between Sikandar and King Porus, for the purpose of overthrowing the kingdom of King Poros, he had to fight against Alexander, but despite a lot of conflicts and attempts, he had to face defeat. At the same time, Sikandar’s army suffered heavy losses.
At the moment, Alexander was victorious from the King of Poros, but the brave courage of King Porus was greatly influenced by Alexander, because the way King Poros fought, Sikandar was astonished to see him. And after that, Alexander made friends with King Porus and gave him his kingdom and some new areas. In fact, Alexander was a diplomat, so for some reason he continued to have a friendly relationship with Porus.
After the war with Poros, the armored soldiers of Alexander’s soldiers:
After Emperor Sikandar fought with King Poros, Alexander’s army fought with small Hindu republics. The battle with the Republic of the Republic was very big. Let us know that the people of the caste race were known for their courage.
On the other hand, after the war with the hardships, Sikandar’s army had reached the river Vyas that he had refused to proceed. In fact, the king of Nandavanshi across the river Dyaas had 20,000 cavalry soldiers, 2 lakh foot soldiers, 2 thousand 4 horse chariots and about 6 thousand elephants.
From where Sikandar’s army got scared, and then realized the collision of the Nand, Alexander’s army got a great start.
Although Alexander wanted to win the whole of India, he had to return only from the river due to the wishes of his soldiers. While going back there, he had to face organized opposition from many Hindu Hindu republics, like Malav and Nihudra, because the plans of Sikandar were to go and win their territories.
At the same time, it is also believed that Acharya Chanakya too had a great contribution in bringing all these republics together. All these republics had suffered a lot from Sikandar, which left Alexander’s army very scared.
World winner Sikander had to return to his country of Greece after losing the war with Poros. Some historians point out that Sikandar’s main reason for invading India was to search the nectar in India, while some say that Sikander’s army had already been very weak and terrorized on the very first day. Nobody could reach them due to elephants in the Indian army.
So far, the king reached the far distance. On the other hand, because of his persistence, Alexander went into the war land, taking the remaining tanks of his army, where the king Poros’ brother, Amar Poruvas, dropped Alexander’s horse, after which Alexander the king lifted his head and King Porus took his sword. Were standing. But King Porus did not consider it wise to strike a fight, and then Alexander’s army ran away from it.
Alexander faced the first and last defeat of his life. World champion Alexander the Great suffered a loss of his defeat in such a way that he succumbed to his returning home.
The second story about Alexander:
On the issue of foreign invasions in his country, the common man often takes Alexander the first name of Macedonia, which was located in the north of Greece and is called the first world champion; But our information about it is often limited to the defeat of Puran (326 BC) in the battle of Sikandar-Puru (Poros), and is limited to the dialogue in which Alexander proudly asks, tell me how to treat you now, And the junked man in chains answers from the audacity (or pride?) That just as a king does with another king.
It is said that after being pleased with this reply, Alexander discharged not only the bondage but also returned his kingdom to him. Not only this, he also gave another territory east of his gift to him, in which there were about five thousand cities and thousands of villages. This behavior of Alexander makes this assumption that he was very great, had a lot of hereditary qualities, he respected heroism, was also compassionate and very generous.But when I read Nehru ji’s famous books ‘The Glimpse of World History’ and ‘Mahaparusha of History’ written on the basis of that, some of his remarks regarding Sikandar put a question mark on the above assumption.
In the eyes of Nehru ji to Sikandar:
Nehru ji wrote, “It is difficult to say whether Alexander was really a big man or not. At least I do not consider myself to be hero to emulate. It is an interesting idea that what would have happened if Sikander was pushed towards the inner part of India. Will her victory continue? Or would the Indian forces defeat him? When a border chieftain from Poros had troubled him so much, it was possible that the great state of Central India proved to be strong enough to stop Alexander. But why Alexander’s desire was not enough, his army forced him to reach a decision. Wandering around the years – the soldiers who were roaming were very tired and bored.
World Winner’s Risks of Defeat in India? There was a stir in mind and I started trying to learn more about Alexander. As this effort grew, the hope of my success decreased; And when it came to know that there is a complete lack of “authentic” information about Alexander, then I was stunned.
Anomalies of European literature:
- There is no description in Indian literature; Probably because, as Nehru ji wrote, “His invasion had no effect on India.
- Even in the European literature, the contemporary writer of Alexander was destroyed when he was not known as Wiercatch, Onicicratus, Calisthenes (who was also Aristotle’s nephew and Alexander’s friend), Putlaimi etc. Whatever information you get, it comes from Arian, Diodorus, Plutarch, Justin (all Greek) and Curtius (Roman) texts. The coincidence is that these writers are four or five hundred years after Sikandar,But none of these at that time also found any composition of Alexander’s contemporary writer, found only exaggerated quotes or portions. He did not visit any of the related places to try to check the authenticity of the available information at his own level, or did any other effort. This is probably the reason that there is a great difference in their descriptions, many contradictions are conflictless, at many places there is a lack of neutral vision which is expected from the history writer. See an example:
According to Plutarch, Purusa’s army had twenty thousand walks, four thousand cavalry, and two hundred elephants; But according to Diodorus fifty thousand walks, there were a thousand cavalry and one hundred and twenty elephants. According to Curtius, elephants were only five years old. Or see another example of war starting. According to Arian, when it came to know that Alexander had crossed the Jhelum River, Puru sent his son to face him.From the same prince of Alexander, Alexander fell down from the horse to the head and his horse was killed. While Justin says that at the start of the war, Puru commanded his army to invade the enemy army and demanded that the Greeks commander Sikander be present as an individual enemy. Sikander came without delay, but Sikandar’s horse was killed in the first battle of Puru, and Alexander himself fell down in the head, but his guardians saved him or else the war ended at the same time.
Plutarch and Justin related to this incident have similarities in the initial details, but Plutarch says about the horse that he was only injured at that time, afterwards; While Diodorus did not even mention Alexander’s horse injured in the description of this war. Yes, the point of his death is said later, but the reason for death is said to be old age and fatigue. According to one writer, Puru was aboard the horse, according to other writers, the elephant was aboard.
In spite of all this, the basis of what is known today about Alexander and what we are taught as “authentic” in the history produced by the European people is the basis of these writers. These people have not used any information in the texts of Persian or other languages as their purpose is to certify the superiority of Europe in some way.
Return Journey of Alexander:
The path that she came from did not go back. Why did he do this, there is a difference. Some people say that when he came in betraying those people, he feared that they might not be ready to take revenge (see the fear of the world winner and also note that Arian who praised Sikander He has also told him “Sly”,Others believe that he has decided such a desire to see the new place. He divided the army into two parts (according to some authors, in three parts) (Question can be made that when the new places were to be seen, then what was the need to divide the army into two / three parts?). A fleet handed over to his commander Nirakas and ordered him to return from the waterway.
After placing the second fleet, he decided to go to the desert desert of Makran. It is again worth mentioning that the mischiefs of the desert of Makran were not “unknown”, “all known”. Still, Alexander went on this route (the world was the winner, therefore, or there was no other option, therefore?).
This trip of Alexander is described by Arian in a lot of detail and in the great Karun language. He has written that the scorching heat and lack of water pushed Alexander, his soldiers and animals into the mouth of death. There were unbearable disasters like climbing on the dunes of sand, falling down, killing animals and soldiers, and killing them. Where they stopped for logistics, they had to face opposition. At many places, the soldiers had to run away from life (this was the result of being a World Winner or proof of escape?).
In the absence of logistics, they used to kill their own animals by killing horses and mules and eating their flesh and eating meat. Pretend that these animals died from hunger, thirst and fatigue. All the soldiers and animals who fell on their way in the way would die, and would die, no one would take care of anyone. Wherever the water appeared, they would have jumped into it by thirsting and drink so much water that they would die. They also do not want to drink water from their bodies.
If some people stop relaxing on one side due to fatigue, then they will die from hunger after losing their way. Somewhere they had to camp in such a place where there was a sudden flood in the night. As a result, all the accessories, animals, and soldiers lost their lives. Many of the mercenaries left after leaving along the way.
The Nirkas and the army that were with him were also destroyed. In order to get the logistics – where he tried to anchor, many of his soldiers were in danger at the risk of him and he had to run away without any logistics (was it really a world-class army?). Neiracus had a very bad condition. All his army was destroyed. When he was wandering about his boats here -Then he got an opportunity to anchor somewhere on the banks of the Anamis river in Harmuz, located between the Persian and Oman Gulf. On the other hand, Alexander had put a detachment of Nirkacus for the news – which had not been able to contact Neerkus anywhere. Incidentally, he got face-to-face in Harimuj, but they could not identify each other, just thought that they are looking like us. When Nirikas asked him who he was, he introduced himself and said that we are looking for Neerkus and his fleet.
Then Niracus himself said that I am only Nirakas. Take me to Alexander. I will tell Alexander all the details.For a while, the soldiers did not believe that this is our commander, Nirkakus. After taking his satisfaction when he took him with him and Neerkakas faced Alexander, they did not even recognize each other. For a long time, stalking each other and trying to identify them. When he got recognized, he broke up and cried for a long time. Regrettably forgetting to come to India and cursing his fate (forget about coming to India and regretting it) goes into focus towards this dissonance of Arian’s description. Did Alexander win or lose in India? If you had won, what would you regret? Even after winning, does anyone curse his fate?
Death of Alexander:
When the emperor Sikandar, who retained the dream of ruling over the whole world, came to Babylon in 323 BC, he became seriously ill, he got into malaria and then at the age of 33 he died in June 323 BC. broke.Such was the end of a great warrior..
In this way, at the age of just 10, this unique warrior had expanded his small kingdom and established a huge empire. In which the entire land was included in Greece and the middle of India.
Alexander the last wish:
On the other hand, after the death of Alexander, when his body was being taken, both his hands were not shrouded, meaning that both of them were hanging. Because Alexander wanted both his hands to remain outside so that the whole world could see that his hands are empty.
That is, who won the world and who fills everything in his hand and while he goes, his hands are empty. However, this is the rule of law that as soon as a person comes empty-handed, it is also the empty hand he has to go, no matter how great it is. At the moment, Emperor Sikandar, who refused to defeat anyone, fought on every tribe, whom he wanted and fought with bravery till he bowed his last enemy’s head.
Clearly, the world remembers only those who see big dreams and live their dreams and move in their path and the highest names in such names are the great Alexander, the world champion Alexander, who always remembered Will go.
